Gram negative cocci
Gram negative cocci include Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. They are oxidase +ve. Cant form colonies on blood agar so Chocolate agar is used.

Neisseria meningitidis

1. common cause of meningitis and meningococcemia.
2. most commonly affected persons are b/w 2 to 18 years of age
3. three main virulence factors are i. Polysaccharide capsule ii. Endotoxin iii. IgA

Lab:

1. Oxidase +ve gram -ve diplococci
2. fermentation of maltose

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

1. gonorrhea (STD)
2. PID (cervicitis and salpingitis)
3. In neonates can cause ( conjunctivitis)

Lab:

1. oxidase +ve gram -ve diplococci
2. do not ferment maltose.